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Conservative liberalism |
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2008) |
Conservative liberalism12 is a variant of liberalism, combining liberal values and policies with conservative stances, or, more simply, representing the right-wing of the liberal movement.3 The roots of it are to be found at the beginning of the history of liberalism: until the World Wars, in most European countries the political class was formed by conservative liberals, from Germany to Italy.
Conservative liberalism is a more positive and less radical version of classical liberalism.4 The events such as World War I occurring after 1917 brought the more radical version of classical liberalism to a more conservative, or more moderate, type of liberalism.5
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Being less radical, conservative liberal parties can achieve more votes than classical liberal partiescitation needed. They offer an increased level of state intervention and they often identify as law and order-parties, which are tougher on crime and support higher levels of punishment and are more committed to fighting terrorism. Conservative liberals differ from social liberals for some main reasons:
One should not confuse conservative liberalism with liberal conservatism; indeed, the latter is a variant of conservatism. Liberal conservatives tend to be more committed to authority, tradition and established religion, while conservative liberals are supporters of the separation between church and state. However some parties are seen as both conservative-liberal and liberal-conservative, such as the Liberal Party of Australia.
Conservative liberalism differs from libertarianism in several ways. For example, it is far less radical in its economic program and it is supportive of an active defense policy and military interventions in contrast to the libertarian non-interventionist policy. Some conservative liberals supported the American-led interventions in Iraq and Afghanistancitation needed. Also, conservative liberals are tough on crime and are more willing to sacrifice civil liberties to fight terrorism and crime.citation needed
In the United States, conservative liberalism is often called moderate libertarianism or conservative libertarianism.citation needed
Conservative liberal parties have tended to develop in those European countries where there was no strong secular conservative party and where the separation of church and state was less on issue. In those countries, where the conservative parties were christian-democratic, this conservative brand of liberalism developed.36
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