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Pope Cornelius |
| Cornelius | |
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| Papacy began | March 6 or March 13, 251 |
|---|---|
| Papacy ended | June 253 |
| Predecessor | Fabian |
| Successor | Lucius I |
| Birth name | Cornelius |
| Born | ??? ??? |
| Died | June 253 Civita Vecchia, Italy |
| Papal styles of Pope Cornelius |
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| Reference style | His Holiness |
| Spoken style | Your Holiness |
| Religious style | Holy Father |
| Posthumous style | Saint |
Pope Cornelius was pope from his election on 6 or 13 March 251 to his martyrdom in June 253.
Contents |
He was elected pope on either 6 or 13 March, 251 during the lull in the persecution of the Roman Emperor Decius. His election was opposed by Novatian, who maintained the view that not even the bishops could grant remission for grave sins such as murder, adultery, and apostasy, but that these could only be remitted at the Last Judgment; Cornelius on the contrary believed that bishops could grant remission for these grave sins. With the help of Cyprian, his party prevailed, and he was elected pope. Novatian fled Rome, but his followers organized into Novatianism, a sect considered heretical by the rest of Christianity.
In Cyprian's writings supporting Cornelius, it appears that the Roman church of the time had 155 clergy and supported through its efforts some 1500 widows and poor 1
After serving two years, under the emperor Trebonianus Gallus, he was exiled to Civita Vecchia, where he died in June 253.
In the Roman Catholic Church, he is commemorated along with Cyprian in a memorial on 16 September.
In iconography, Cornelius’ attribute was the horn (in reference to the Latin origin of his name –from “cornu,” “horn”).2 This could be either a battle horn or cow's horn.3
Some of his relics were taken to Germany during the Middle Ages; his head was claimed by Kornelimünster Abbey near Aachen.4 In the Rhineland, he was also a patron saint of lovers.5 A legend associated with Cornelius tells of a young artist who was commissioned to decorate the Corneliuskapelle in the Selikum quarter of Neuss. The daughter of a local townsman fell in love with the artist, but her father forbade the marriage, remarking that he would only consent if the pope did as well. Miraculously, the statue of Cornelius leaned forward from the altar and blessed the pair, and the two lovers were thus married.6
Cornelius, along with Quirinus of Neuss, Hubertus and Anthony the Great, was venerated as one of the Four Holy Marshals in the Rhineland during the late Middle Ages.78910
He was also a patron saint of farmers and of cattle, and was invoked against epilepsy, cramps, afflictions associated with the nerves and ears.11
A legend told at Carnac states that its stones were once pagan soldiers who had been turned into stone by Cornelius, who was fleeing from them.1213
"Pope Cornelius" in the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia.| Roman Catholic Church titles | ||
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| Preceded by Fabian |
Bishop of Rome Pope 251–253 |
Succeeded by Lucius I |
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