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T-6 Texan II
A USAF T-6A Texan II out of Randolph Air Force Base
Role	Trainer aircraft
Manufacturer	Raytheon Aircraft Company Hawker Beechcraft
Primary users	United States Air Force United States Navy Canadian Forces Greek Air Force
Produced	+4351
Developed from	Pilatus PC-9

The Beechcraft T-6 Texan II is a single-engined turboprop aircraft built by the Raytheon Aircraft Company (now Hawker Beechcraft). It is used by the United States Air Force for basic pilot training and by the United States Navy for Primary and Intermediate Joint Naval Flight Officer (NFO) and Air Force Navigator / Weapon Systems Officer (WSO) training. It is replacing the Air Force's T-37B Tweet and the Navy's T-34C Turbo Mentor. The T-6A is also used as a basic trainer by the Canadian Forces (CT-156 Harvard II) and the Greek Air Force.

Design and development

The T-6 is a development of the Pilatus PC-9, modified significantly by Beechcraft in order to enter the Joint Primary Aircraft Training System (JPATS) competition in the 1990s.² A similar arrangement between Pilatus and British Aerospace had also been in place for an Royal Air Force competition in the 1980s, although this competition selected the Shorts Tucano. The aircraft was designated under the 1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system and named for the decades-earlier T-6 Texan. The Beechcraft brand has since been purchased from Raytheon by Onex Corporation as Hawker Beechcraft.³

The Texan II is built by Hawker Beechcraft in Wichita, Kansas. Although the design is heavily based on the Pilatus PC-9, the T-6 is a complete redesign from the ground up, and is considerably more sophisticated and powerful.²

Operational history

A Greek Air Force T-6A Texan II during CIAF in Brno

T-6A

The T-6A was introduced to Moody Air Force Base and Randolph Air Force Base in 2000-2001, and the Air Force awarded the full rate T-6 production contract in December 2001. Laughlin Air Force Base began flying the T-6 in 2003 where it is now the primary basic trainer, having completely replaced the venerable T-37. Vance Air Force Base completed transitioning from the T-37 to the T-6 in 2006. That year, Columbus Air Force Base began its transition, and will retire its last T-37 in April 2008. T-37s are still in service at Sheppard Air Force Base, and are expected to retire in 2008.^{citation needed}

The T-6A also replaced all T-34s at Naval Air Station Pensacola in early 2005. T-34s are still in service at NAS Corpus Christi and NAS Whiting Field as the primary trainer.

One Texan II costs approximately 6 million dollars. Almost a quarter of this cost goes into two advanced, highly reliable Martin-Baker ejection seats, which have the capability for zero-zero ejection.⁴

T-6B

The T-6B variant of the Texan II was introduced in 2005. One of the most important features of the T-6B is its highly advanced, all-glass cockpit from CMC Electronics that includes a Head-Up Display (HUD), six Multi-function display (MFD) and Hands On Throttle And Stick (HOTAS).⁵

Both the Greek T-6A and the T-6B variants have the capability to carry and deploy munitions, including bombs, rockets, and wing-mountable guns. The T-6B also features additional onboard systems for combat training. The T-6B could be a versatile primary weapons trainer, or even an operational light attack aircraft, given its excellent handling characteristics and available excess thrust. According to Raytheon, the T-6B is now available for order, although a price has not been specified and no customers have been listed yet.^{citation needed}

AT-6

The AT-6 is a follow-on to the T-6B. The aircraft includes the same HOTAS and digital display format as the T-6B, but is upgraded to include datalink and integrated electro-optical sensors along with several weapons configurations.⁶

CT-156 Harvard II

A CT-156 Harvard II at CFB Moose Jaw in 2005

The CT-156 Harvard II is a variant used for pilot instruction in the NFTC (NATO Flying Training in Canada) located at 15 Wing, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan.⁷ They are leased to the Canadian Forces Air Command by the program's administrator, Bombardier. Cockpit layout, ejection protocols, and performance mimic the CT-155 Hawk jet trainer also used by the NTFC. The NFTC has 24 Harvard II aircraft owned and maintained by Bombardier.

Variants

T-6A Texan II 

T-6B Texan II 

CT-156 Harvard II 

Operators

 Canada

• Canadian Forces⁷
  • 2 CFFTS, CFB Moose Jaw

 Greece

• Greek Air Force

 United States

• United States Air Force
  • Air Education and Training Command
    • 12th Flying Training Wing - Randolph Air Force Base, Texas
      • 559th Flying Training Squadron
    • 14th Flying Training Wing - Columbus Air Force Base, Mississippi
      • 37th Flying Training Squadron
      • 41st Flying Training Squadron
    • 47th Flying Training Wing - Laughlin Air Force Base, Texas
      • 84th Flying Training Squadron
      • 85th Flying Training Squadron
    • 71st Flying Training Wing - Vance Air Force Base, Oklahoma
      • 8th Flying Training Squadron
      • 33d Flying Training Squadron
    • 80th Flying Training Wing - Sheppard Air Force Base, Texas
      • 89th Flying Training Squadron
  • Air Force Reserve Command
    • 340th Flying Training Group
      • 5th Flying Training Squadron - Vance Air Force Base
      • 43d Flying Training Squadron - Columbus Air Force Base
      • 96th Flying Training Squadron - Laughlin Air Force Base
      • 97th Flying Training Squadron - Sheppard Air Force Base
      • 100th Flying Training Squadron - Randolph Air Force Base
• United States Navy

Incidents

• Two Columbus Air Force Base T-6 Texan II primary trainers collided about 12:47 p.m. Nov. 28, 2007 near the Columbus AFB Auxiliary airfield in Shuqualak, Miss. At the time of the accident, the aircraft were conducting initial flight training operations. On-scene emergency response located and confirmed all four pilots had parachuted safely.⁸

Specifications (T-6A)

This aircraft article is missing some (or all) of its specifications. If you have a source, you can help Wikipedia by adding them.

General characteristics

• Crew: 2, tandem seating
• Length: 33 ft 4 in (10.2 m)
• Wingspan: 33 ft 5 in (10.2 m)
• Height: 10 ft 8 in (3.3 m)
• Empty weight: 4,900 lb (2,087 kg)
• Loaded weight: 6,550 lb (2,971 kg)
• Max takeoff weight: 6,500 lb (2,958 kg)
• Powerplant: 1× Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-68 turboprop, 1,100 shp (820 kW)

Performance

• Maximum speed: 316 knots IAS (Mach 0.67 at high altitude, 585 km/h)
• Range: 850 nm (1,575 km)
• Service ceiling 31,000 ft (9,448 m)
• Rate of climb: 4,500 ft/min (1,372 m/min)

See also

Related development

• Pilatus PC-9
• Pilatus PC-21
  

Comparable aircraft

• Aermacchi M-290 RediGO
• Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano
• PZL-130 Orlik
• Short Tucano
• T-37 Tweet
  

Related lists

• List of active Canadian military aircraft
  

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: T-6 Texan II

• T-6 information on the Hawker Beechcraft website Accessed 5 Oct 2007
• Canadian Forces Air Command CT-156 page